Buddhist Economics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Buddhistic Economics - Assignment sheathIn this case, it is ideal to reduce human labour or get rid of it completely.Modern sparing expert relies on the concept of mechanization as a method of improving the economy. Buddhist economists however rack up with this analogy but in a different point of view. In their point of view, labour is dissever into two forms. The first form of labour involves human skills and power. The second form of labour involves the use of machines as mechanical slave. Buddhist economists argue that human labour is irreplaceable labour done out of large-minded will is perfect compared to machinery labour (Schumacher, 2). They also argue that labour is like human nourishment frankincense it is hard for people to exist comfortably without engaging in labour activities.Buddhist also differs with the economic concept of materialists. Materialists are mainly interested in goods as Buddhists are mostly interested in liberation. The key concept in Buddhist econo mics is non-violence and simplicity. While modern economists measure living standards by the amount of human inspiration in the sense that a person who consumes more is better than that who consumes less, Buddhist allot this aspect to be irrational (Schumacher, 4). According to Buddhists, this concept renders human well-being as they consider minimum consumption as a way of maximizing human well-being. The concept of low consumption minimizes the wastage of materials as the excessive material can be conserved and utilized to make more goods hence enhancing the economy. Buddhist economists attribute the economy to conservation practices through proper utility of goods. For instance, non perishable resources should not be used if they cannot be renewed. Buddhist economics is highly recommended in the modern society as it focuses of decision the correct path to development (Schumacher,

International Political Economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

International Political Economy - Essay theoretical accountGates must remain the exception, and openness the rule made the word bountiful in its druthers of what frugal outlook should nations adopt. In the process of arguing that liberal dandyism is still the best lick of capitalism and economic system, the article also discussed the various economic models that were used by other countries.The article has acknowledged the weakness and flaw of globalisation beginning at the 1930s until more recently during the fiscal crisis. But unlike in the 1930s where there was a clear and coherent ideological and economic alternatives such as fascism and Marxism, none can be found in recent anti-globalisation protestersChina is cited as an example but the Chinese model did not present an alternative economic model to liberal capitalism. It may be ruled by the Communist Party but its economic model cannot be classified as Marxist. Marxist economic model involves the ownership of the state o f all modes of production from land, labour, capital to technology where private ownership is prohibited. It does resemble to Marxists close kin which is fascism where the owners of the modes of production are required to use their properties in the national interest and the products that will be produced are dictated by one autocratic party (Richman, 2008). There may be just one party that rules in China but it is still not enough to qualify it as a fascist nor a Marxist government and economic system. It can be more aptly classified as patriot economy where private ownership and foreign capital is allowed for as long as it is beneficial to the government.China, Russia and the domain of a function have already learned that state planning and state ownership of the modes of production does not work. The deprivation of the people is just too complex and too vast for any state to determine and do that we saw the inevitable collapse of the former Soviet Russia. So is the isolation ist nature of Communism as

The Concept of Leadership in the media Assignment - 1

The sentiment of Leadership in the media - Assignment ExampleIt further elaborates the benefits of ethic and social responsibility in customer in company operations.The article looks into a new workplace diversity system to assist employers to nominate fairer and diverse workplace. The article explains further the need to have diversity in workplace in proportion to economy and performance of the firm (DuBrin, 2011). Promotion of diversity in workplace makes employees from minority feel touch on and become more productive. This type of platform for training on diverse employment assists in astir(p) ability of employees working together and productivity. The article comes from women agenda website that which reports only facts. Article gives a good incision in improving and managing diversity at workplace.Saly, J. ( inch 05, 2015). Workplace diversity. It makes cents. Womens Agenda.Web. March 14, 2015. Retrieved from http//www.womensagenda.com.au/talking-about/top-stories/workp lace-diversity-it-makes-cents/201503045395.VQQZf-T4VKoVanderhorst, D. (March 6, 2015). FPAA summit emphasizes social responsibility. The Packer. Web. March 14, 2015. Retrieved from

NEGATIVE IMPACTS OF HURRICANE KATRINA ON THE GULF REGION Essay

NEGATIVE IMPACTS OF HURRICANE KATRINA ON THE GULF REGION - Essay ExampleMoreover, while giving examples about the hurricanes that collide with before the hurricane Katrina, it presents a comparative analysis of how the hurricane Katrina was different from those that happened earlier and why was it a major setback for the Homeland security measure Departments of the States. Furthermore, the book similarly describes the major factors and problems of the hurricane and why is it marked as an important event in the taradiddle of America. Also, this book gives details about how the governing tried to help people recover all that they confused in this catastrophe, and what kind of role did the government play in helping them economically and psychologically (Hoffman, 2007, pp 25-89). Palser, B. (2007). Hurricane Katrina issue of Disaster. Compass Point Books. This is a comprehensive book, with easy to understand vocabulary and language. The book provides with the details of the hurri cane Katrina that hit the Florida, rapidly moving towards the Gulf of Mexico, causing hundreds of deaths and heaving thousands homeless. Also, it states how the government failed to provide enough backup fur the people of America, as it was one of the most accurately predicted hurricanes in the history of America. ... Brinkley, D. (2007). The Great Deluge Hurricane, new-fashioned Orleans, and the Mississippi Gulf Coast. HarperCollins. This book written by the bestseller author, Douglas Brinkley (2007) epically describes the events that caused major devastation in the United States of America the hurricane Katrina. The hurricane Katrina that demolished Gulf Coast cities of America (Brinkley, 2007) and took away hundreds of lives within just cardinal hours was one of the five most catastrophic hurricanes in the history of United States. This book highlights all the events preceding the hurricane Katrina, including the mismanagement of the government officials and the lack of preplan ning in spite of the early prediction. Moreover, this book also records the stories of actual survivors who witnessed and experienced the hurricane, it narrates all the troubles that they went through and how the hurricane affected their lives. It states the emotional, physical and economic losses of the survivors and describes how they are coping up with their lives in the current judgment of conviction years after the disaster took place. Moreover, it also identifies the role played the government to help the survivors. Plus it also plays a tribute to the unsung heroes of the hurricane Katrina, who sacrificed their own lives to save others (Brinkley, 2007). Brown, D. (2005). Hurricane Katrina The first seven days of Americas worst natural disasters. Lulu.com Press. This book was written with the intentions of donating funds for charity purposes. The book narrates the whole event of hurricane Katrina that destroyed lives in America within just hours. It states how dramatically t he lives of the victims changed

Benefits of Partnerships with Nonprofits Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Benefits of Partnerships with Nonprofits - Essay Example everyday constitution in partnership with these entities clear only assure a gain on both sides. Having both at the board add-in can only improve and extend the services presently being rendered to the public (Carroll, 1989). Collaboration is angiotensin-converting enzyme of the things that have been missing over the last 30 years in the development of Public institution and that collaboration can build strong interrelated teams for a recrudesce public trust.The world of the non-profit has continue to expand over the last 30 years. Public Administrations expected responsibilities have also expanded. Traditionally the two groups have worked alone, even being in competition with each other at times. This causes a privation of collaboration and less than adequate use of funds on both sides. Funds, under todays circumstances, are non increasing and neither is the publics trust of how funds are being used (Butz, 2009). The building of partnerships between Public Administration and the non-profits may be the answer to how we manage better use of funds available for the better of the public. We will discuss how non-profit and Public Administration is presently working and what a partnership may accomplish.Nonprofits today are very inter-related with communities and it is sometimes difficult to understand what their impact on the community truly is. They sustenance local economies through employment as well as collection of pauperizationed sustenance. There is commonly a great take aim of public trust and funds throughout the community are gathered through various methods to permit these to function. Grants frequently support enlarged numbers of them and with each of these grants comes accountability that is very much difficult to achieve. On the same note Public Administration has a great deal of passage of arms in the public good and how and what areas are funded in a community. Community hous ing becomes an extreme need for both sides and therefore is an important consideration for the possibility of a partnership. At this time, the community at large may see both Public Administration and the not-profit housing industry as repetitive (Jennings, 2005) as well as somewhat competitive. There are many concerns that there is a great deal of redundancy as these agencies depend on volunteered funds, government funding and foundation funding alike. Would it be more(prenominal) efficient for Public Administration to be involved in a partnership here to diminish gaps in services as well as gaps in skills necessary to provide these services (Jennings, 2005) lately because of the thought that redundancy is happening, there has been a decrease in overall confidence in nonprofit organizations in some states that are handling the housing piece. This might be remedied by having some administrative duties being provided by public administration. This might also help to close the gap of government funding in the social sector, increasing the funding that both have available to do their work. Public Administration can help the public with experience in building the capacity of the local

Discussion Research Methods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Discussion enquiry Methods - Essay ExampleThrough learning, a soulfulness acquires new knowledge form another person who is knowledgeable in that particular field. This will also help the learner to be capable of acting various tasks especially at work.On the other hand, development is also concerned with improving the skills of mess so that they can remediate their performance at work. An experienced person can develop the minor(postnominal) employees in the organization so that they can effectively execute their tasks.Both gentility and development ar specifically meant to improve the knowledge and skills of the employees so that they can improve their performance in the organization. This is meant to improve productiveness in the organization since all the people involved would be better positioned to know what would be evaluate of them.In some cases, employees can undergo short courses outside the company where they are trained intimately certain aspects of their profess ion. This is usually done through workshops or seminars where the participants are taught new things that can be utilise to improve their performance.The participants are usually divided into small groups and they share their knowledge about different aspects that would be the focus of training. After different plenary sessions, the trainees will give feedback and this information will be employ to generate new knowledge that can be utilised to improve the effectiveness of the people involved.Basically, training and development are more concerned with generating new knowledge that can be used to improve the performance of the employees in the organization. Development also helps to improve the skills of the employees so that they can also improve productivity in the

Tucson Community Profile Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Tucson Community Profile - Assignment ExampleInvestigation, development, along with production within A & D forms the key economic facets for Tucson. Also, Tucson community is positioned amongst the best five within the country in this sector. Also, Tucson economy comprises of aerospace-related companies, manufacturing ultra-modern fields, production, distribution, along with warehousing and business aviation repairs. Davis-Monahan Military Base as well is a noteworthy component of Tucson society and the primary driver of growth of Tucson since 1950. It generates over one billion US dollars in the financial system per annum (Luckingham, 2015). Furthermore, Raytheon Missile facilities are the leading NGO industries within Tucson, having in excess of 10,800 workers. Likewise, historically, Tucson has been a junction for traders within Southwest area as well as the main center for transportation as well as logistics till presently. Additionally, Tucsons closeness towards Mexico State , its position at crossroads of peace-loving Railway Major Line, 2-11 as well as 2-20, along with Tucson Global Airdrome offer calm down plus swiftness for delivery of products. Numerous companies, comprising of Target as well as HomeGoods, have distinct to position center of distribution in Tucson (Luckingham, 2015). Fascinating Attractions Tucson provides a fascinating array of sceneries in admittance to attractions. Local attractions comprise of the National Parks of Saguaro (both Eastern as well as a Western side), the planets celebrated Desert of Arizona-Sonora Museum and Sabina Gorge.

Melify Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Melify - Essay ExampleIn the modern world, this trend is evident where variant companies keep on inventing and innovating products.For instance, in the 90s there was no such equipment as tablets, or small computers manage the laptop or even iPads. However, upon the successful invention of computers, competing companies have not quenched their thirst for improvement. some other example would that of automobile where the innovation of cars is ever the center of competition for many companies. Each wants to have an f number hand over the other with the production of luxurious cars, including ones that can operate without fuel, being introduced in the market. temporary hookup the old-fashioned life may not have had cars, the point in this shift is that they too were connected to self-improvement.Entertainment was, in the ancient times as it is today, an important part of the plurality with Leon (51) showing that the lot would visit theaters. Additionally, entertainers would be there, even though their melodies may not match todays generation. In todays world, entertainment has been treated more of a necessity than a luxury with decision pleasure in various arenas. In the ancient times, they sought from music where dancing was evident and people danced almost whenever they could. In addition, acting was practiced then despite having limitations on the equipment and advanced machines, as is the case today. Similarly, music is this worlds main form of entertainment, albeit with a combination with other forms like movies and sports.Notwithstanding, the quasi(prenominal)ities in the ancient times, the differences could also be traced with one being lack of advanced equipment. While the ancient had similar passions as the modern ones, they had limitations in terms of equipment used. Furthermore, with the technology still a paradox to them, their gifts could not be exploited as efficiently as it done today. Criticism and rejection of religion were evident in th e ancient times. Whereas this may said of the

Criminal law foundation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Criminal law foundation - canvass ExampleSome of the protected compensates include assistance of counsel, protection against self-incrimination, just and speedy struggle, decently to rest the opposing witness and requirement that all infamous crimes be tried by a grounds jury as provided in 5th Amendment. Introduction The fourth, 5th and 6th Amendments of the US piece provides for the safeguarded rights of criminate persons. A criminal defendant whether an adult or teenaged has certain constitutional rights such as the right to be represented by a counsel, the right speedy trial, the right to a trial by a jury, the protection against self-incrimination and exclusionary right (Hall, 2012). The 4th Amendment protects the acc theatrical roled persons from any unlawful searches and seizures by the governing body government. The Exclusionary Rule provides that any evidence obtained by the law enforcement authorities is inadmissible before the court proceedings since it violat es the 4th Amendment safeguarded rights (Hall, 2012). The Fifth Amendment protects the defendants from double jeopardy, and self-incrimination. Specifically, the Miranda warnings requires the police officers to warn the juveniles on the right to remain silent and right to give evidence in the company of any attorney since such evidence may be used against them in criminal proceedings (Hall, 2012). The fourth Amendment protects the accused from unreasonable searches and seizures. The exclusionary rule provides that evidence obtained illicitly by government authorities is inadmissible in court proceedings since it violates the 4th Amendment (Scheb, 2009). The accused has the right to file a motion of suppress and prevent the prosecution using the illegally obtained evidence. This rule applies in seizures of weapons, stolen property and illegal drugs by the police authorities. In the case of Weeks v.US (1914) 232 U.S 383 , the court ruled that whereby the police authorities exceed the ir authority in obtaining evidence, such searches are void since they violate the accused rights under the 4th Amendment. However, Jones v, Kmart Corp, (1998) 17 Cal, App, 4th 329, 332, the judge ruled that evidence illegally obtained by individuals acting in a private capacity is not subject to the Exclusionary rule. The Exclusionary rule provides that evidence obtained from illegal searches may not engineer a basis for subsequent search or probable cause of the crime. The Exclusionary rule applies to all juvenile cases that have been filed according to the Welfare and Institutions Code. Some of the prohibited methods of obtaining evidence from the accused include torture, inhumane treatment, or any court-ordered surgical operation to remove a bullet from the defendants body. Some of the factors that courts accompany in determining whether the evidence was obtained with the consent of the accused include the intelligence of defendant, the length of detention, the repetitiveness o f questioning, and the use of physical punishment and age of the accused (Samaha, 2012). According to the 5th amendment, citizens can not be charged with an infamous crime unless indicted by a grand jury. The Due process Claus of the Fifth Amendment of the US constitution prohibits the courts from courts from depriving the accused persons the right to liberty or property depending on the seriousness of the crime. The court procedural laws should batten fairness and guarantee the accused the right to be heard. The 5th Amendment prote

Elements of Evaluation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Elements of Evaluation - Assignment faceThey are reach, adoption, efficacy, maintenance and adoption. Reach is used to measure the depth in which the interjection is exposed to a specialized group of people or a community (McKenzie, Neiger & Thackeray, 2012). Adoption is an analysis of the effectiveness of the modality in which interjection strategies have been implemented in a certain community setting. The creation of an hindrance program should be based on its powerfulness to be adopted to solve a specific problem (McKenzie, Neiger & Thackeray, 2012). The efficacy of an intervention refers to its ability to address the health problem described. An intervention program should alike be maintained. Maintenance of an intervention reflects heavily on the evaluation results of the intervention which reflects the durability of an intervention and its ability to maintained and remain relevance in addressing the health problem stated (McKenzie, Neiger & Thackeray, 2012).After obtai ning of the results an intervention kitty be moved forward by using validity, reliability and sensitivity to change. Validity increases the durability of intervention and helps it maintain relevance in addressing the stated health problem (McKenzie, Neiger & Thackeray, 2012). Reliability is the ability to increase the train at which a health issue is dependable on an intervention program to be solved. Additionally, an intervention can be enhanced by increasing its adaptability feature which increases its sensitivity to adapt to incorporate changes (McKenzie, Neiger & Thackeray,

HEALTH CARE FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

HEALTH CARE FINANCIAL oversight - Essay ExampleThe article helps us to understand the design and implementation of PPACA in Health sciences and medicine. As such, the article is relevant to our class since it deduces more than understanding on the topic of discussion.I can derive two key take away points from this article. Apparently, the absence of universal direct rules has been hindering the adoption of more efficient and electronic healthcare payments. Additionally, the enactment of the saucy operating rules defined in the Patient security department and Affordable Care Act have enabled healthcare providers to enhance efficiency, reliability, and management of healthcare payments (Krah, 2013). However, many health providers are yet to adopt electronic funds transactions subject to the challenges involved in implementing the new operating rules (Krah, 2013). Notably, everything in this article makes sense since it seeks to derive more understanding on the new operating rule s that govern healthcare payments. However, the article lacks a list of sources that supports its argument.Krah, S. (2013). Preparing for the New PPACA Electronic Payments Environment What Healthcare Providers regard to Know. Retrieved from

US Role in the ME Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

US Role in the ME - Assignment Exampledecades been involved in affairs of the Middle eastern United States with the aim of ensuring stableness, democracy, and fostering frugal relationships with countries in this region. However, the main aim of the US involvement and influence does not seem to be stability or democracy, but rather, control of the rich oil resource from this region (Shah).The US or each other Western super power should not be directly involved in the affairs of the Middle East and the Gulf region because their involvement is for their own economic benefit but not for the persons living there.This so sought of stability is meant to perpetuate status quo which is good for America and other westbound super powers but it is very bad for other very many Middle Easterners who have to concede the price.In the so called stability involves worthless civil wars, wars between countries, represses free legal opinion, struggle for freedom, and self determination. at that p lace is totally no growth or development, no achievement opportunities and no benefits accruing for the masses whose situation is thought of as stable. As long there is no disturbance as the Americans want, the Middle Eastern play along to live in oppression and poverty, and they are stable (Levy).Evidence just as Africa, the Middle East is a region very rich in human and natural resource and yet it is the stake most backward region after Africa simply because of the interference and unwanted involvement of the west.The citizens of these regions can not oppose bad rule in the stable nations as perceived by the U.S and the west since they actions would be seen to be disturbing the peace and yet, they continue to languish in abject poverty.The West have prescribe corrupt Arab leaders in power and supported the overthrowing of those leaders that they have considered as unfavorable so as to maintain their superiority, influence and control over the region. In addition, this has serv ed to put the population of these countries at bay and in return those leaders

E-Commerce and the Value Proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6000 words

E-Commerce and the Value Proposal - Essay good exampleThe platform of e-commerce has emerged as one of the popular modes of performing related operations of sell chain businesses in an electric form. Notably, the activities in e-commerce include performing operations and making transactions with the use of internet. For several businesses, the platform of e-commerce is also used for gathering relevant information about consumer market and competitors actions amid the prime ones. The rationale nates conducting this study was to explore the benefits and identifying the challenges that Sainsburys experienced with respect to introduction of e-commerce in its business process. Besides, further supporting the assessment of the identified issues, certain recommendations has been made that will certainly assist the business of Sainsburys to meliorate its operational process. Considering the fact that the platform of e-commerce has emerged as one of the beneficial approaches to reach mo re customers in exceedingly conventional setting thus, apparently, the prospective to conduct this study was to explore e-commerce trend in the global retail market. Along with this prospect, the significance of conducting the study also laid in exploring the issues that Sainsburys faced within ravening e-commerce trend in the marketplace by other competitive businesses. Rationale after the study resolving to recognised the problems of the corporation that can be positively to sustenance the company in developing its commercialised procedure. Appropriately, this study will support the company.

Geography Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Geography - Research Paper causeOn an average the city receives sunlight for most part of the year and summers are quite fortunate and dry. During the winter months, the city experiences precipitation when the temperature drops excessively. The geological issue I chose to write ab prohibited is about the nemesis of Tsunamis in the Los Angeles region.Los Angeles has an approximate area of about 2000 sq. miles and is about 340 ft. above sea level. Besides many a(prenominal) issues, Los Angeles faces the problem of unusual weather phenomena. Escalating the problem still further is the pollution of the air and the formation of smog. In addition to this, they have the Santa Ana winds that blow extensively at 50 miles per hour and brings with it hot and dusty air. In the canyon areas, they experience occasional flash floods that cause dangerous mudslides.Los Angeles lies on the sea coast practiced a geologic feature called a scratch slip fault which is usually active. A strike slip f ault is where two tectonic plates slide over each other and displaces a parcel out of that area that could trigger a Tsunami. Matt Hornbach, research associate from the University of Texas at Austin and his team carried out their research through Geological field surveys in the Los Angeles region to gauge the amount of risk complex due to Tsunamis in that region. Their research vessel of 165ft. was called Endeavor which the researchers used to collect important data on the faults on the sea floor. The also conducted an underwater topography to make a accept of the land presence and the waves of the Tsunami. Haiti experienced an earthquake on January 12th and a team of Geologists were commissioned to make a study of the earthquake and the Tsunamis that followed. The general belief by geologists was that there was a high risk of Tsunamis when faults arrive at up or rupture displacing part of the sea floor. However, latest research in the area has turn up that even a moderate

The East Asian World Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The East Asian World - Essay ExampleYongzheng and Qianlong proceed Kangxis support for the arts and culture and maintained peace and order. The first signs of internal problems began under Qianlong, up to now (e.g. corruption and expenses of military campaigns). The main characteristics of the Manchu rule were their ability to adapt to new environments without losing their distinct identity and their cephalalgia for equality (to some extent) between the Manchus and the Chinese. The Manchus implemented diarchy, for instance, where important administrative positions were shared among the Manchus and the Chinese.The economy and society changed during the Ming and Qing eras when chinaware opened more to trade and Western influence, particularly during the Ming era. chinaware also witnessed an expansion in universe, trade, commerce, and territories. The population increased from 70 to 80 million in 1390 to more than 300 million at the completion of the eighteenth century. China also exported tea, porcelain, and silk to England and traded with Russia and other nations. The Chinese, however, limited contact with the Europeans, who increasingly demanded access to other Chinese markets. These changes seem to be leading toward an industrial revolution on the European model to the degree that China was ripe for industrialization because of its access to people and resources, but it lacked dedication to technological developments because of its emphasis on virtuous principles than scientific knowledge.The society and economy of Japan changed during the Tokugawa era through trading with the West and manufacturing developments. These changes promoted rising standards of living. The Nipponese culture reflected these changes by widened social class differences (i.e. social stratification of four classes warriors, artisans, peasants, and merchants).The developments in Korea during this period reflected conditions in China and Japan to the extent that it modeled its poli tical system after the

A View From A Bridge Coursework Essay Example for Free

A View From A straddle Coursework EssayExplore the striking use of Alfieri in A view from the couple. What is his dramatic significance in the play? Arthur miller was an American playwright, essayist and author. He was innate(p) in New York City on October 17th 1915. He lived with his fuck off and father, who were Jewish, in New York City. His father was a womens c downhing manufacturer enchantment his mother was a schoolteacher. The family were thick until the stock market crash of 1929 when they lost most of their money. They were then forced to move into Brooklyn, a in truth poor territory where a lot of legal and illegal immigrants lived and where a lot of crime would happen. Miller used to do a variety of jobs so that his parents could afford to send him to college. In 1947 Miller wrote his archetypal play, All My Sons which won the New York Drama Critics Circle Award. Two of his most well-known plays are The crucible and Death of a Salesman. The play I will be cov ering is called A view from the Bridge which was written in 1955.The idea behind it was influenced by a story Miller heard while he was working on the docks. A view from the Bridge is set in Brooklyn, following the purport of the main typeface Eddie Carbone who was the husband to Beatrice and uncle to Catherine. When Beatrices cousins, Rodolfo and Marco, arrived in Brooklyn as illegal immigrants from Italy this was when the trouble started. The other main character was Alfieri he was a narrator, telling the story of Eddie Carbones life. The reason for the play having the name A view from the Bridge was because it contained the good and the bad.Eddie was jealous of Rodolfo and Catherine as he was trying to sabotage their ideas of marriage whilst Catherine and Rodolfo wanted to get get married because they loved each other. Alfieri was standing on the bridge looking over, watching the argument flare fall out until its disastrous conclusion, ending in death. Miller started the play with Alfieri, the narrator. This was because of Alfieris importance. Theoretically, Alfieri was telling a story that had already happened to the audience. It was master(prenominal) to let the audience know that this story was a circular plot.Alfieri started the play with his first soliloquy. He was walk to his office when he saw a couple of long beach men. You wouldnt have known it scarce something amusing has just happened. See how uneasily they nod to me? Thats because I am a truthyer were only(prenominal) thought of in connection with disasters and theyd rather not get too close. Here Alfieri showed that he was law-abiding because he realized what had happened even though nobody else did. He also told the audience who he was he was a lawyer so this must mean that he was a very intelligent man.Additionally, he commented on how volume treated him because of his job. You only go to lawyers if something bad has happened e. g. murder or family rows. The long shore men nodded to him uneasily which suggests that they distrusted him. A lawyer means the law Here Alfieri has introduced the first main depicted object in the play Law. I am inclined to notice the ruins of in things, perhaps because I was born in Italy. Alfieri told the audience that he was observant. He noticed the bad things that maybe others cold not see. He said it was because he was born in Italy.From this we can assume that Italy was a very poor tramp which meant that Alfieri was used to seeing the bad things because of his life in Italy, which also means that life in Brooklyn was connatural to yet better than Italy, so many more Italians would already be in Brooklyn or wanting(p) to move to there. Frankie Yale himself was cut precisely in half by a machine gun on the corner of Union Street Alfieri was mentioning past events, this sentence also builds tension, it explained that Brooklyn was a very poor district where crime was not unusual. He then went on to sayOh, there were many here who were aright shot by unjust men. This suggests that a lot of dishonest men were rightfully killed however, the killers were dishonest themselves so the killers had no right to kill the other person. Justice is very important here. This sentence brings in the morsel main theme to the play Justice. The whole play is going to be revolving around the idea of law and justice. This is the slum that faces the bay on the seaward side of Brooklyn Bridge. This is the gullet of New York swallowing the tonnage of the world this instant we settle for half, and I like it better.I no longer keep a pistol in my filling cabinet. Here Alfieri was setting the scene, describing how horrible Brooklyn was, it was the lowest of the low, it was making New York look like a bad place, the use of personification is very effective because it referred to Brooklyn as the throat of New York where all the frightening things in the world happened. Alfieri settled for half, as when he first arrived in Brooklyn, there was a lot of crime, but now there was only half of what it used to be, which was an improvement. And my practice is entirely unromanticpeople in this neighborhood lack elegance and glamour and yet every year there is yet a case, and as the parties tell me what the trouble is, the flat air in my office suddenly washes in with the green scent of the sea, the dust in this air is blown away Alfieri had mentioned that usually his job was verbose and mundane where nothing exciting happened. He had to deal with petty family complaints. However, he did get cases which were quite dissimilar his normal day to day complaints. As he mentioned this fact we could see that the play was going to contract one of those unusual complaints.

Ethical Systems Essay Example for Free

ethical Systems Essayhonorable transcriptions form the basis of chaste beliefs they are the moral philosophies that order moral principles remainsatically. (Thomson and WardSworth, 2005) Ethical systems can be broadly classified into deontological and teleological ethical systems. A deontological system concerns itself with the nature of an conduct that is under judgment, if an act is better but results in bad consequences than if it still considered a good act. teleological systems judge consequences of an act, if an act is bad but results in beneficial consequences then it is considered moral. Ethical formulism judges the mantled of the author thus, it is a deontological system. If a person performs an action from goodwill and it results in bad consequences, it is a moral action. This system also uses predetermined principles to judge goodness that people should not be used as a means to an end, that behavior is moral when it is freely chosen and autonomous (someone work ed to do a good thing is not really moral. ) and that actions should be based on behavior being universal.Utilitarianism is a teleological system whose goal is judged by consequences of an action. In this case when an action contributes much to the good of majority it is moral, irrespective of the individual or minority who may run through suffered because of the action. Following this system, Winston Churchill by allowing Coventry to be bombed in World War II so the Germans would not know the Allies had cracked their military enter did a moral thing even though hundreds of English people were killed, when they might prepare been salve had they been warned.A smaller group was sacrificed for the sake of the greater good in this case, ending the war to begin with and saving thousands more. Religion is a frequently used ethic system based on a willful a rational God. For believers there is no reason to question the authority of Gods will. The controversial issue is the interpretat ion of Gods will. According to Barry when is a dilemma Gods will can be found in 3 ways if one feels uncomfortable just about a certain action, it is probably wrong.Religious authorities can provide guidance on remunerate and wrong and thirdly the scripture provides answers to moral dilemmas. (Thomson and Wadsworth, 2005) The lifelike law ethical system proposes that what is good is natural and what is natural is good. These are innate instincts for example self-preservation is inborn, natural and basic and all actions related to it such(prenominal) as self-defence, prohibition of murder are moral acts. The basic problem with this system is where it is difficult to lay what is consistent and congruent with human nature.Focus on basic inclinations make this a teleological system because an action like killing may be wrong but if it is done in self-defense then it is considered a moral act since it is line with the self-preservation instinct. The morality of virtue is a system th at focuses on defining a good person as opposed to a good action. hither reason cannot be used to find out what is good. This system is teleological as it conserved with achieving a good end and more specifically happiness. One does good because of ones character, if one has a bad character they will usually choose the immoral path.For example, a person who is broke and sees a stranger drop money without realizing calls the strangers back and gives him his money, he has performed a moral act because he has a habit of integrity. Someone else would steal because it is in his or her character to do so. The ethics of care system emphasizes human relationships and needs. It has been referred to as a feminine morality as it is founded on the natural human rejoinder to care for unborn child, ill and hurt. Some Eastern religious like, reject a rule-based form of ethics preferring instead to lead an individual in caring for needs. Braswell et al, 2002).The ethic behind rehabilitation is ano ther instance of ethics of care system. (Thomson and Wardsworth, 2005) This system is in line with teleological system of ethics because it does not entirely classify action as wrong or right, rather it is concerned with the needs of others and effects of the actions on them, which learns more towards judging consequences corporations rather than the actions themselves. Egoism proposes that what is moral is what is good for ones survival and private happiness.This premise in its extreme directs that people should do whatever is beneficial to them. This disregards other people, using them as means to ensure happiness and in effect it means they have no meaning or rights (Thomson and Wadsworth, 2005) Egoism, sees an individual who performs a completely selfish act as immoral even impossible as it is not in line with true nature of human beings who like all other species have instincts for survival, self preservation and self in trust which is merely part of this natural instinct.Th is position is incomplete logical nor flexible single it would be in support of exploitation of the weak by the strong, which by all other systems is wrong. The system that closely matches my own beliefs is the religious ethical system. This is because the basis for ethics provided is rational since it can be identified wit a perfect God-figure. In addition, the similarity of the principles of these ethics in approximately of the religious are an indicator that they are acceptable to a wide majority indeed they cover the needs of most of mankind adequately.In addition, scripture provides answers to ethical problems in all circumstances, something that most other ethical systems do not. The issue of say the birth contradicting only comes up when there is ill to understand the context of scripture. Belief in a God means that we do not have the responsibility of determining what is right, or wrong, since an unquestionable authority has determined them already.

Greenland Glaciers and Global Warming Essay Example for Free

Greenland Glaciers and Global Warming EssayGlobal warming, which is the increasing of the average temperature within the striving next the Earths surface and the oceans, has caused the glaciers in Greenland to melt, causing the water levels to rise and the climate to win over. Global warming is an unfortunate solution that is taking place in numerous parts of the worldly concern, enabling bizarre and, in some instances, moved(p) changes in the digest. Global warming has become most detectable in the polar fields, amongst the polar churlcaps, or in the more than iced-over regions of the world, such as in Greenland and the Atlantic Ocean. In fact, Greenland has become the most greenness area for quickly-dissolving glaciers, making it the most notorious for climate and hold changes throughout the world. It is difficult to connect stomach changes to global warming, though it has been proven that some more pronounced changes are likely to come about, and in fact, already are. One of the most open-and-shut changes involves an increase in precipitation, as thoroughly as changes in the average patterns of precipitation, which can lead to flooding and, in turn, drought.The ocean levels worldwide will rise, and are rising, as the glaciers melt, which will cause Arctic shrinkage the shrinking of the Arctic region due to climate change. In time, this shrinkage could possibly be seen in other areas, including the Atlantic Ocean. Some other irreversible affects entangle the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, such as hurricanes and tsunamis. With the continuously melting Greenland glaciers, these risks are more likely to happen and these changes will only become more obvious and the melting becomes more rapid.Jason Box, a professor at Ohio State and a global warming researcher, has noticed a rapid and unsettling change in the amount of glaciers in Greenland. In an interview in regards to the melting glaciers and global warming, Box say t hat we fly over the worlds fastest-deteriorating glacier and in 2003, we didnt even recognize the place. It had doubled its speed (of shearing off ice) and lost about 6 miles of width (Feran). Box goes on to state the worries that he feels about global warming, as well as pointing out a slight change to weather happenings around the world for instance, a snowstorm in an area that, despite being cold, has never seen such harsh weather. Box feels that this weather event can be linked simultaneously with global warming from the Greenland region. In further studies make by scientists and other global warming researchers, it has been discovered that a huge portion of the Atlantic region is warming just as much and just as fast as the embossment of the world (Wilkinson).The scientists have researched and discovered that the temperature has risen 2. 5 degrees in the past half century and that there has been a 140 percent ice loss within a decade. This has caused ice shelves to break up or disappear, exposing the glaciers behind them and speeding up the discharge of ice and fresh water into the ocean (Wilkinson). In the article, Dr. Ian Allison of the Australian Antarctic Division says that the activities taking place in the Atlantic are related to the rising of the air and water temperatures.Allison also stated that the melting of the Greenland glaciers are of the biggest concern, saying that its changes are even more noticeable than those of other regions. In Greenland, the score of ice loss is getting greater over the last 10 years and the surface ice melt is definitely related to the warming. Allison, whos main focus is that of the Arctic and Atlantic regions, has been keeping close note on the melting glaciers, as well as trying to analyze them to changes that have been taking place with weather.The more ice that the Atlantic loses, as well as the rest of the regions under the pressure of global warming, the more heat that comes back to it. When there is no ice to rebound the heat of the sun, the heat permeates through the water, causing the water to warm up even more. The heat is indeed spread to the remaining glaciers, which causes an almost domino effect, repeating itself until all that can happen is for the sea levels to rise. consort to Alan Boyle, a science editor, Greenlands glaciers have been dumping ice into the Atlantic Ocean at a rate thats doubled over the past five years, as researchers have reported.Yet there are many an(prenominal) scientists and researchers that are not as worried about the melting of the glaciers as others are they claim that Greenland has gone(a) through warming before, but the heat had been followed by cooling temperatures. Many of the researchers feel that the same issue is happening again. These scientists are not disregarding the possibility of global warming, but are wary to blueprint in Greenland as a current problem. Other scientists are against this, saying that Greenland has been wa rming up 2. 2 times faster than it has in previous years.Greenland is home to one of the worlds largest, and one of the most quickly dissolving, glacier, the Kangerdlugssuaq Glacier. The aforesaid(prenominal) glacier has gone from being completely stationary as of 1996 to flowing at a rate of xiv kilometers a year by 2005 it is because of this that it is considered one of the fastest moving glaciers on the planet. It is also because of this, as well as Greenlands other quickly-melting glaciers, that will play a huge, unwanted role in the rising of the worlds sea levels (Biello).Greenland has become one of the biggest concerns of scientists, due to the alarming rate that its glaciers are melting, as well as to the obvious increase in the temperature. Since Greenland is home to some of the most quickly melting glaciers, as well as to the worlds largest, it will be one of the main purveyors of climate and weather changes throughout the world. Bizarre changes in weather have already be en noticed, with many scientists blaming global warming on these changes.Regardless of the fact that Greenland is in a region of its own, what is taking place with its glaciers can affect the entire world the weather will be the most pronouncedly changed. Horrific weather events will last longer than what is considered average, and they can take place in areas that would not normally see such conditions. Works Cited Biello, David. (17 Feb 2006. ) Greenlands glaciers Melting and on the move. Scientific American. Retrieved March 24, 2009, from http//www. sciam. com/article. cfm? id=greenlands-glaciers-melti. Boyle, Alan. (16 Feb 2006.) Greenlands glaciers losing ice at faster rate. Retrieved March 24, 2009, from http//www. msnbc. msn. com/id/11385475/. Feran, Tim. (24 March 2009. ) Glacier warning us, OSU researcher says. The Columbus Dispatch. Retrieved March 24, 2009, from http//www. columbusdispatch. com/live/ surfeit/life/stories/2009/03/24/2_NOVA_ICE. ART_ART_03-24-09_D5_9ADB1F1. html? sid=101. Wilkinson, Marian. (23 March 2009. ) The ice caps are in trouble. The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved March 24, 2009, from http//www. smh. com. au/environment/earth-hour/theice-caps-areintrouble-200

Harrison Bergeron Essay Example for Free

Harrison Bergeron EssayIn the short story, Harrison Bergeron, Kurt Vonnegut portrays a corporation in which everyone is equal. Through the efforts of the Handicapper General, all persons who were endowed with anything more than moderate talents are forced to part various devices meant to make everyone equal, intellectually and physically. Through showing his earshot what a actually equal society could be, as well as how government could regulate equality, Kurt Vonnegut clearly makes the point that truly equality endures to a loss of true individuality at heart a society. for each one person in society has talents that another does not, which is what creates diversity in our communities and careers. By removing this diversity from society by making every person equal, the government is inviting its own demise. The first type of how idealistic equality creates a lack of individuality is in the scene where George and Hazel Bergeron are watching ballerinas on television. G eorge notes, They werent really very good no better than anybody else would have been, anyway.By leveling the playing field, and forcing ballerinas to wear weights and masks to hide their talent and beauty, the Handicapper General has taken away from the dancers their unique talents for dancing and eliminating any aspiration between ballerinas. If all dancers must be equal, this eliminates the need for any one ballerina to spend sense little time practicing, or trying to be a better ballerina. This, in turn, could create a less than desirable work ethic, as the ballerinas do not have to work as hard to be competitive.As Philip Fetzer explains, even if it were possible to create a society based on equality of ability, it would not be desirable to do so. A society without differences of ability would generate no leaders, no swell works of art or literature, no recent ideas. The society would quickly stagnate. The second authority in which Vonnegut shows his readers the impact o f an equal society is when George and Hazel are talking about what society would be like without encumbrances to make everyone equal.George cannot think for more than a few seconds at a time because of the handicap that he must wear in his ear, to distract him from his thoughts by blaring loud noises at random. any people who have above average intelligence are required to wear such a device to eliminate any unfair intellectual advantage over others. However, by scaring off the thoughts of truly intelligent people, the government is also creating a society in which nothing will ever change.Without the truly intelligent men and women in any society, there are no new inventions or new ideas that, in the past, have revolutionized a society. By making all people intellectually equal, the government and the society itself will remain unchanged and unadvanced. Ironically, George believes that without handicaps to keep everyone equal, pretty soon wed be right masking to the dark ages ag ain, with everybody competing against everybody else. However, without competition, society would revert to the dark ages, unable to compete with other societies and develop new engineering and innovation.As Christopher Alexion points out, human beings must be careful with creating equality, because of the risk of taking it to totals that eventually destroy any(prenominal) it was we were trying to protect. Thats why our efforts toward equality need vitally to be guided by a acknowledge of liberty. Naked equality is just another name for tyranny for if everyones going to be equal in all aspects, then no one can really be free. The final example of the effect of a truly equal society occurs when Harrison Bergeron appears on television with all of his clanking weights and extreme handicaps.Harrison is athletic and intelligent, and has an obscene amount of handicaps because of this. Harrison attempts to overthrow the government, by declaring himself the Emperor, and removing all of h is handicaps, as well as those of his chosen Empress. By having independent thoughts and beliefs, Harrison leads his own revolution in an attempt to change society for the better. Harrison sees that the continuous equality means that people are no longer competitive, and he decides to try to change that.However, he is killed by the government in the process, and any dreams of change die with him. As Steven Saus notes, The maximization of human electric potential and the potential of society can only be achieved by allowing all individuals to have the best hazard to succeed within the limits of their primary characteristics. Any person who has new ideas or tries to initiate change within an equal society would be met with the same fate, and consequently, nothing would ever change.By creating a society in which every person is equal, Kurt Vonnegut is able to show his readers how devastating to a society equality could be. At a time when political correctness is a must, and societ y strives for equality, it is easy to see how true equality could lead to a lack of diversity and competition within a society. Although Vonneguts society was a false one, a society similar to the one in Harrison Bergeron would become a stagnant and unmotivated environment, falling behind in innovation and invention. Ultimately, the equality in this story will lead to the demise of the society.

How College Students Use Wikipedia for Course-Related Essay Example for Free

How College Students Use Wikipedia for Course-Related EssayWhy at that placefore are academicians so wary about the use of Wikipedia in spite of appearance universities? There are a exit of related reasons. Before outlining them we should acknowledge that thither may be differences according to academic discipline in attitudes towards Wikipedia. Speaking to academics from the natural and medical sciences over the last year, it seems that those subjects are less concerned with issues of originality of source than the humanities and social sciences.It also may be pic and this is genuine speculation pic that academics in the English speaking world, where nigh of the academic controversy over Wikipedia use has been, are more sensitive to the source than in early(a) parts of the world. These qualifications aside, there are definite reasons why Wikipedia use is, at the very least, contentious in universities. First, it is the product of anonymous individuals rather than known authorities, Wales is quite explicit on thisOne of the fastest things were beginning to lose is the view of the world that there are a handful of thoughtful, intelligent great deal that should be broadcasting their views to everyone. And then the public is some sort of crazed rabble, easily swayed by elaborateness and so forth. Now we have to have a more nuanced understanding. Wikipedia is not necessarily anti-academic but it is anti-elitist as evidenced by the short shrift given to eminent academics in debates when they expected deference (see Keen 2007, 43pic4).Second, the non-proprietary personality of Wikipedia cuts against academic culture which valorises the rights of the author and publisher. Third, the anonymity of Wikipedia articles is alien to the cache of the named writer of the journal article or book. Fourth, the collaborative process challenges the norm of individual creation, prevalent in the arts and social sciences. Fifth, as intimated, Wikipedia departs from the touchstone mode of vetting by peer review. It is not true that articles are not reviewed. On the contrary, they are scrutinised by far more editors than for any journal.However, as the contributor is generally not an academic expert, so the commentator is not generally an academic expert. So Wikipedia rejects academic custom in the compilation of knowledge. In addition, there are a number of what might be termed learning and teaching issues pertaining to its use within universities. First, there is the issue of the accuracy of Teaching in Higher Education 651 Downloaded by University of Glasgow at 0527 12 December 2012 Wikipedia entries, something that relates to the lack of formal expertise and peer review.Reviews of the accuracy of Wikipedia entries by formal expert(s) have rattling been generally positive (for natural sciences see Giles 2005 American history Meier 2008). Despite this, the suspicion still surrounds Wikipedia that it cannot be trusted. OSullivans (2009, 119) as sertion that most people probably have an ambivalent attitude toward Wikipedia, appreciative for its existence, using it frequently, but with reservations about its total reliability seems valid. Some academics would no doubt sympathise with the sarcastic observation of comedian Frankie Boyle that Wikipedia entries should begin with I reckon.Second, some have questioned whether Wikipedias determination for canvass neutrality is convincing. OSullivan (2010) complains that as Wikipedia only displays one voice, diversity is not incorporated and therefore articles contract bland. Waless response is unapologetic Guilty as charged, were an encyclopedia (in Read 2006). Not that his cash advance to knowledge is without theory, it derives rather from his admiration for the convoluted objectivist philosophy of Aryan Rand, the Russian e?migre? philosopher and novelist (Younkins 2007).A ternion learning and teaching concern is that, regardless of the reliability of Wikipedia, it is in its elf an illegitimate form of research. Here the mentation would be that a student who culls Wikipedia for assignments does not understand scholarship. This consists of the consideration of various sources a judicious winnowing and ordering of knowledge, rather than lifting bite sized chunks of text that purport to capture a subject.On this Wales concurs, telling students For God sake, youre in college dont cite the encyclopedia (in Young 2006). Some universities in the US have banned Wikipedia use, whilst others recommend a more discriminating approach (Jaschik 2007 Murley 2008). The latter is what Wales and others within Wikipedia advise it should be used only as a starting place in academic research, a references source and a revision aid. What, however, is the evidence on Wikipedia use by students and academics at universities?

Hamburger - United States Essay Example for Free

Hamburger unify States strainA company that finds major success in one country wont necessarily catch on in another. There are a number of fast-food chains that succeeded in America, further have failed globally. One example is the widely popular Wendys. Wendys is the third largest burger chains in the U.S.However, consort to the article Wendys to Exit Japan, Wendys has recently declared that they will not renew its contract with its Japanese franchisee, Zensho Co Ltd, after both of them failed to reach an amicable solution on the development of Wendys brand in Japan. This will result in the closure of 71 outlets located in and close to Tokyo, Japan.Despite beingness one of the leading quick-service restaurant companies in America, Wendys has struggled to understand and expand internationally. It seems that they were being consistently beaten by the business that McDonalds generates. Japan is McDonalds largest market outside of the United States. It has nearly 4,000 res taurants there. The closure of Wendys marks the end of a 29-year presence in Japan, and is clearly a testament to the different tastes of the Eastern and Western countries.In October, Wendys attempted one final selling strategy when they launched a $75 million campaign titled, When Its Real. However, the campaign failed to boost sales and really declined 4%. That appeared to be the last straw for the franchise.Its difficult to succeed in the restaurant manufacturing during a recession. People are more careful with their money so they tend to eat more at home. However, fast-food chains continue to thrive during these tough economic times because of their affordability. I do purport that what happened to Wendys could have been prevented. After all, McDonalds is still succeeding in Japan, so why couldnt Wendys.Its important to remain innovative, especially during a recession. If they could have been creative and developed catchy selling strategies during these tough times, I thin k they could have swung back into more prosperous times.ReferencesSchaefer, R.T. (2009) Sociology A brief submission (8th ed.) New York, NY McGraw Hill. Zacks Investment Research (2009). Wendys to Exit Japan. Retrieved Jan. 9, 2010 from http//www.istockanalyst.com/article/viewarticle/articleid/3711374

Stereotyping a Stereotype Essay Example for Free

Stereotyping a Stereotype EssayJunot Diazs How to Date a Brown misfire, Blackgirl, Whitegirl, or Halfie seems to quicken into and highlight the racial stereotypes that affect the way Americans see each other however, Diaz is in fact running(a) to show that even people who believe they understand the full extent of stereotypes, especially men, find themselves subsidiary to the ones they are stereotyping. In this story, Diaz shows how fe humanitylike stereotypes very dictation the actions of a males seeking intimacy.The man volition check to basic instinct and base his decisions on a widely held unless fixed and oversimplified image or idea of a severaliseicular type of person. The short story focuses its instruction on the ultimate determination of reaching physical intimacy with a girl, but beautifys the definitely different courses of action necessary to comprise depending on what ethnicity the target girl is. This is where Diaz proves that even by mastering the pr edicted behavior of females through racial stereotypes, the male while appearing to gather in mark of the situation is actually lower than the female.The text has an al roughly predatory tone is used to show that the author clearly knows what he is talking ab come out in scathe of girls. This tone adds serious credibility to the author and makes the instruction all the more believable. Instead of using phrases such as I would recommend, I think, or I believe, Diaz uses the imperative and says Clear the government cheese from the refrigerator, wane aside yourself a reminder to get it out, and, Hide the pictures of yourself with an Afro (Diaz 143).This forceful use of language is more believable and it creates a sense of power, superiority, and confidence in the reviewer because he is apparently taking instruction from an expert. After all, the reviewer using these instructions is looking to maximize his fates of getting anything from a Kiss, to a Girl just giving it up right consequently (Diaz 147). Diaz first points out that the reader should be aware of his own social pattern and ethnicity.The last thing the reader wants to do is foil his chances of achieving intimacy with his date by ignoring potentially demeaning pictures or icons of a lower social class that would not impress the girl. Such things as the disre couchable Government cheese or the basket with all the crapped-on toilet paper definitely want to be hidden away (Diaz 143, 144). By doing these small things, the reader is putting himself at an advantage by leave no room for the date to find weakness in him. If the date cannot find anything embarrassing, the reader is in authorisation of the situation. According to Casey S.Torstenson in her article You Dont Know Me, she says To follow the advice of this story go forth, in all likelihood, get the reader c turn a lossr to some form of physical intimacy, but this intimacy will be the result of a carefully manipulated impression he create s for his date, rather than the more inherent and objective truths of who he truly is (Torstenson). This statement means that by hiding anything potentially incriminating, the male has a better spear at getting intimate with the girl, but that he is defying the age old saying that every set of parents say to their kids, Just be yourself. Diaz proves my argument in this section because the reader, although seemingly in control of the situation, is coerce to manipulate it in a way that is pleasing to the girl, not to him. Diaz does not suggest anywhere in the text that the reader should do what he might find appealing, instead, the only positive thing in the text for the reader is the ultimate possibility of a hook-up. If the reader manipulates a situation based on stereotypes (ie where to take the girl to dinner depends on what the colouring material of her skin is) he is subordinate to the girl because he has to play his cards just right in order to get what he wants.The date is in complete control because every decision the reader makes is based on what the girl will do, not what the reader wants. In doing so Diaz emphasizes the way in which the social forces of race and class undercut both individuality and objectivity and make the reader subordinate to his date (Torstenson). After the reader establishes his own security, it is then his responsibility to prepare for the evening. Diaz establishes that the first thing to do, no matter the race of the girl is to say hullo to the mother. Once again, the author instructs the reader to inadvertently give up control.The entire purpose of saying how-do-you-do to the mother is to impress her and to tell apart across as a gentleman. Saying hullo does not gain the reader at all nor does it make his chances of getting with the girl any better. He merely says hello to come across as somebody he is not, boosting his facade, tearing down his true character, and once again putting the date in power. After the introdu ction is over, the reader must take the girl to dinner. This part of the story is intriguing because depending on what race the girl is determines where there is to go.The local girls (Hispanic and black) can be taken to El Cibao, only so that the reader can impress them with his Spanish or give them the chance to correct his Spanish. For some reason, the black girl and the brown girl are entitled to eat at a nicer dining establishment than the white girls who are suppsoed to be taken to Wendys. Diaz claims that the black girl will be impressed by his ability to speak Spanish, or the brown girl will have the opportunity to correct his busted-up Spanish (Diaz 145).In the compositors case of the black girl, she, although being taken to dinner, is in control of the situation because the only reason the reader takes her to dinner at a nicer place is in hopes that he can impress her. The reader lets the stereotype that she does not speak Spanish control his decision making insomuch as that he is not at the restaurant to enjoy a meal, but only to get one step closer to intimacy. In the case of the brown girl, he hopes that she will correct him to make her feel important and smart.In this case, the reader is chew overd to make himself come across as unintelligent to make the girl happy. Once again, the reader is subordinate to the girl because he is not being himself and is forced to act in certain ways that are uncharacteristic of him. However, suppose the girl does not speak Spanish. What is the reader supposed to do then? He is not being himself and following instructions, so if the instructions are not correct, the reader will be unknowing of his following(a) move.The reader becomes dependent on these stereotypes and completely relies on them to work. The reader is at the will of the stereotypes. If they turn out to be fancied, then the reader will be lost with no direction and all of his expectations will be shattered leaving him in less control than he al ready is. In the case of the white girl, he expects that the white girl will put out much sooner than the girls of color and will not require the type of attention and time that the colored girls apparently deserve. What if the stereotype is false again?The white girl will be unimpressed by eating at a greasy fast food restaurant, and the reader will not get what he wants. As in every other instance, the reader relies on the validity of the stereotype. If it is true, then everything works out according to plan, but the only way for the stereotype to be true is if the white girl does absolutely everything according to Diazs chronology of events. Diaz leaves no room for spontaneity. Everything is scripted. However, the script is only as long as the girl wants it to be. She is fully exposed of doing what she wants.The girl is in complete control of the very stereotype that the reader relies so heavily upon. Thus, the reader is subordinate to his date. Flattery is his next tool. Once t he dinner is over, Diaz tells the reader to act interested in the girl and touch her gently almost in a suggestive manner. He tells the readers to say things like I like you, and I love your hair (Diaz 147, 148). The basic assumption here is that girls will appreciate being complimented and be more willing to act more intimate with their charmer.However, even still, the girl is in complete control of her actions. Although the reader is wooing her, in the end it will be her decision whether or not she decides to put out. No stereotype can predict that event. They can offer a glimpse into a issue personality, but a sequence of events over the course of a couple of hours cannot physically be predicted exactly. level(p) so, the male will rely on a shallow concept that offers a glimpse into the future tense if he feels that it has the possibility of yielding pleasurable results.With this thought, it is clear that the stereotypes used in the story are geared towards pointing out how t he potential for intimacy will make men revert to relying upon stereotypes and that they are not actually in control, but the stereotype that is controlled by the woman is in charge. How to Date a Browngirl, Blackgirl, Whitegirl, or Halfie was most certainly written with the intent of showing how the male race relies on stereotypes to court women and how these stereotypes give the man a sense of security, control, and confidence.Diaz consciously provides stereotypical male figures for dramatic effect in order to illustrate how, boys discuss members of the opposite sex as creatures to be used as devices for sexual gratification (Alford). However, the cardinal message in the text is that men rely on these stereotypes so much, that they in fact lose control of the situation because it is not the man in control but the stereotype.While Diaz points out the presence of stereotypes amongst women of different races, he clearly wants to point out the truth that men stereotyping is a stereo type. Works Cited Alford, William R. Sex, career and Power. 2000. http//the-big-pic. org/drowntext. html. Diaz, Junot. Drown. How to Date a Browngirl, Blackgirl, Whitegirl, or Halfie. New York Riverhead Books, 1996. Torstenson, Casey S. You Dont Know Me. Florida Switchback, 2006. http//www. swback. com/issues/004/You_Dont_Know_Me. shtml.

Voting in Elections Should Be Made Compulsory Essay Example for Free

pick out in Elections Should Be Made Compulsory EssayCompulsory Voting in Election, though highly desirable, cannot be attained due to a subprogram of reasons. Some universal reasons that come to mind without pondering a lot argon health issues of voters which might bar them from exercising vote with a perception that no election is important than their health. Although a passion is seen amongst certain invalids who are often carried to polling booth by their family on back a majority skips the same curiously ones aliveness in metropolitans. They consider carrying their sick and bedridden family members to polling booth as a burden . Another major reason could be male chauvinistic attitude of Indian men who always underestimate thoughts and actions of their women. They especially prefer confining their women within the home on polling day. This is the one major reason of fewer number of female voters as compared to males particularly in villages and small towns. Another reason for turning off the voters for polling is the increase incidences of violence, booth capturing and criminal activities at polling booth Making voters reluctant for voting.Such incidences can be tardily observed in underdeveloped as well as developing nations with high corruption. A few other reasons which handicaps Constitution in making polling compulsory or rather Imposing punishment could be the distance between pooling booth and voters residence. The situation gets worsened if accompanied by adversities care heavy snow torrential downpour, scorching heat or thunderstorm the control of which is beyond the occasion of Government as well as voters.

America and the challenges of religious diversity Essay Example for Free

America and the challenges of religious diversity EssayReligion and TheoryIntroduction The world nowadays is dynamic such(prenominal)(prenominal) that there is need to recognize the diversity of the people that live in it. pile across the world are different in terms of culture, religion and race. However, there are a couple of(prenominal) people that nurture consistently failed to accommodate diverse beliefs and opinions. One of the diversity factor that has come to a lower place sharp focus is religion. All over the world, there are people with additional religious sensitivities and thusly the need to accommodate diverse opinions when it comes to religion. Such people should be allowed to promote and practice their religious beliefs and practices with detailed or no interference. However, this freedom should be limited to the fact that the said religious beliefs and practices do not infringe on the rights of other people in the society. The practice of religious persec utions started man7y years ago when genuine religious beliefs and practices were discouraged. The consequences of practicing the discouraged religious practices included harassment and illegal persecution. Today, it is very difficult to identify individuals with special sensitivities and sensibilities from the street. However, there are certain factors that are common with certain religious following. Different religious groups have different code of cover. This might make it easier to identify an individual with religious sensitivity. According to Wuthnow, (2011), religious groups such as the Islamic faith require that women dress modestly. Inn more conservative Muslims, women are requisite to give out veils covering most of their body. This is to reinforce their religious beliefs regarding chastity and behaviour. Muslim men also wear long flowing gowns which also would make them easy to identify. Almost every ethno-religious subcultures ranging from mainstream religious follow ing such as the Hindu to smaller ethno-religious subcultures such as the Amish have a specific dress code. However, the dressing code is not the only way that one can identify people with religious sensitivities. The heavy thing for every individual in the society is to learn and respect the divergent opinion of the planetary populous when it comes to religion.ReferencesWuthnow, R. (2011). America and the challenges of religious diversity. Princeton University Press.Source document

Dance Injury - Hamstrings Essay Example for Free

Dance Injury Hamstrings EssayDance is an art form. Professional professional trip the light fantasticrs pride themselves for universe able to express complicated emotions through the artistic interpretation of movements. Like athletics, dancers are very given over to forcible injury, that is, their take on requires intense physical training in which often forget in fruity or severe injuries. This essay will attempt to investigate and understand what is the frustrate endeavour or pouffe up injury, how it occurs, and ways to prevent such injury.A dance piece is constituted with a var. of movements displayed by the human body. One of the primary functions of the skeletal system is to provide support and shape period the healthy system is to provide a range of movements by moving the divergent limbs of the body. Therefore, the kinesiology muscle of a dancer that directs the forking into amazing moves is complicated. The dun muscle concourse consist of three muscle the Biceps thighbone, Semitendinosus, and the Semimembranosus. The bedevil muscle root word is located at the back of the thigh. According to The Anatomy of Exercise and Movement, the Bicep Femoris is the largest and most lateral of the three crucify muscles. It has the long head and the short head making it a bicep muscle. Its primary purpose is to contract, consequently helping in hip outward rotation.As for the other dickens hamstring muscles, the Semitendinosus and Semimembranosus are in all synergistic, doing the same actions together. Working at the hip, both muscles extend and are progressive in internal rotation (pg.144). All three muscles in the hamstring muscle host go through the same origin, which is the Ischial Tuberosity, also known as the sitz bone, situated at the bottom of the pelvis bone. Even though the F asdf asdf asdf asdf asdf asdf asdf hamstring muscle group have same origins, each muscle has a different insertion, the Bicep Femoris the head of Fibula (bone) and the lateral of Tibia (bone), Semitendinosus proximal of Tibia, medial to Tebial Tuberosity, Semimembranosus Tibia. The hamstring muscle group helps in extending the leg backwards and bending the knees. Hence, this specific group muscle helps in producing dance movements videlicet plies, passe, attitude devant, and arabesque.The hamstring strain or female chest injury place be a pull, a partial tear or a complete tear of the muscle. The strain or tear is to be found at the peak of elongation velocity when producing movements. This injury occurs when the hamstring muscle group is strain beyond its normal length whilst producing a certain eccentric contraction movement. A strain or tear send word also happen when the muscles are challenged with a sudden load or work to produce a movement or several movements. A common problem in dancers is imbalance or asymmetry that advise result in hamstring injury. The imbalance could be muscular or structural. (livestrong.com). An example of such imbalance is when a dancer is dancing with a tilted pelvis. This can result to an over emphasis on the quadriceps muscles and only stretching the hamstring group muscles. Livestrong.com keep on to name a list of reason how the hamstring group muscle can be injure when a dancer overstretches and overuse injury.Overstretching seems to be contradictory, as part of being a dancer is to be flexible. Most dancers have a similar mindset. If the leg extension is not long or high enough when performing movements such as a battement he or she simply require to stretch out the tightness. This action can result to severe muscle strain. Consequently, the overuse injury can occur simply from working on a specific dance proficiency or dance movement for too long. Without proper strength in the hamstrings, and rest for the muscles, the hamstrings undergo continuous tension and this can result in disunite and fatigue (livestrong.com). There are other factors which increase the lik elihood of crucifixion a hamstring strain or tear injury. Age, flexibility of the hamstring muscle group, as head as tiredness and lack of fitness are namely some of the contributing factors to this injury.The hamstring strains or tear can be first floord according to the severity of the injury. Grade 1 consists of minor tears within the muscle. A build 2 is a partial tear in the muscle and grade 3 is a severe or complete rupture of the muscle (sportsinjuryclinic.net). The symptoms of a grade 1 hamstring strain are the injured dancer whitethorn feel a slight pull or tightness and minimal s well(p)ing in the posterior thigh. Consequently, he or she will be aware of slight discomfort when walking. Following on, grade 2 hamstring strains or tears may be associated with occasional sudden twinges of pain when producing a movement. As a result, gait will be affected and limping may be present. Moreover, flexing and applying pressure to the knees may cause pain. Therefore, a dancer wit h grade 2 hamstring strain or tears might be unable to fully decompress the knees. Finally, walking will be severely impaired in a grade 3 hamstring tear resulting to the need of walking aids.A dancer will feel severe pain in particular when producing a knee flexion. In addition to all that is mention, a grade 2 and 3 hamstring strain or tear may indirectly affect ones posture. This is a result of impulses transferred by the nervous system from the hamstring muscle group to the Central Nervous System ( central nervous system). The CNS consists of the spinal cord and the brain, transmitting impulses from the spinal cord to the brain. There are 5 pairs of sacral rete in the spinal cord, containing four sacral nerves, which branch out, supplying sensory to the muscles attached to the pelvis, buttocks, and part of the cut down limbs. The sciatic nerve, which branches out from the sacral plexus, is the longest nerve of the body and is responsible for the pain associated with the hamst ring group muscle. The nerve supply becomes impeded by excess pressure or damage and pain, is experienced in the hips and buttocks down through the knee to the ankle. (An Holistic Guide to Anatomy and Physiology, 2006, pg.213).It is vitally important that sermon for a pulled hamstring starts immediately. The most important phase for treatment is the first 48 hours post-injury. Treatment of hamstring strains or tears will vary depending on the type of injury, its severity, and the needs and expectations of the patient. However, treatment can be generally divided into two types Non-Surgical treatment and Surgical Treatment. Most hamstring strains heal very well with simple non-surgical treatments methods such as R.I.C.E, an acronym for Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation. A dancer who is experiencing a hamstring strain should organize rest, and eliminate activities that strain the muscle group. In addition, he or she should apply cold packs several times a day on the straining ar ea but not directly onto the skin.Also, the patient should wear an elastic band band for compression to avoid more swelling and blood lost. To number swelling, he or she should recline, elevating the leg above the heart level. After R.I.C.E, dancers who wish to rehabilitate from a hamstring strain should get physical therapy treatments to restore the range of motion and strength. Surgical treatment is most often performed for tendon avulsion injuries, where the tendon has pulled completely away from the bone. Like treatments, the duration for a full recovery from a hamstring strain and tear injury vary depending on its severity. A grade 1 injury will probably take seven to ten days, a grade 2 injury will take four to half dozen workweeks however a grade 3 injury can take up to 4 or more months.One of the most important methods of preventing a pulled hamstring is to warm-up correctly. This has been scientifically proven to reduce the risk of hamstring strain.(sportsinjuryclinic.n et). Warm-ups should gradually increase in intensity. Moreover, most dancers often fail to understand the immensity of strengthening exercises. Dancers focus too much on stretching the muscle, lengthening but making it week and unable to support the range of motion when dancing. Boyd Bender, a physical therapist for the Pacific Northwest ballet stated to strengthen the hamstring muscle group, dancers should also strengthen the quadriceps muscle group.This is because these muscle groups work in concert. If trained correctly, the strength ratio should be 60% of quadriceps muscle group and 40% of hamstring muscle group, with each muscle group supporting and complementing each other to prevent injuries. (findarticles.com). On top of dance technique classes, dancers should also add Pilates and Gyrotonic class for dynamics of stretch, strength, and movement for a comprehensive regimen. Dancers should also include stretching bands when practicing technique. With the use of stretching ba nds like Thera-Band, dancers not only refine their technique but also strengthen their muscle groups.The body is the instrument for a dancer. Every dancer should experience to achieve optimum capacity of his or her body through warm-ups, body conditioning, technique classes, stretching and cool-down. In conclusion, dancers should never work their body recklessly. Like all instruments, it should be refined and well taken disquiet of.

Effects of Employee Empowerment on Project Success

Effects of Employee Em berthment on Project SuccessIntroductionEmployee authorization is not a new innovative word its universe used from gentlemany decades but employee mandate has now puzzle a buzz word in recent management treads in both private and public sectors (pits 2005). Employee mandate received a childlike recognition as an important subject in management circles mainly because it seen as unmatchable of the thorough elements of managerial and organisational effectiveness that increases when power and control atomic number 18 divided up in organization (serenely et al 2007). indeed employee empowerment hailed as management technique which posterior be applied univers every last(predicate)y across all organisations a means of dealing with the mod global business(demitrades 2005) . Generally employee empowerment comprises of an innovative approach with population and a shift of power from the top management to lower level of an organization (tzafrir et al 2005). look fores and leading worldwide aver advocated for empowerment of employees to ell organisations compete successfully in highly competitive market go into (tjosvold and sun 2005). therefore org that argon committed to employee empowerment are in a position to remind and retain their employees (angora 2007). Employee empower mint is seen as motivational technique if designed and nurtured properly in organisations. therefrom employee empowerment leads to improvement of performance of the org through increased level of employee participation and self determination (greasily et al 200). Tzafrir (2004) says basically employee empowerment is mainly y concerned with trust, motivation, decision making and faging he upcountry boundaries between management and employees.Literature reviewDefinitionsEmployee participation is square upd as a process of employee social function designed to provide employees with the opportunity to influence and where appropriate, take part in decision making on matters which affect them. According to Farnham (1997) Employee Participation is one of four policy choices for managing the employment relationship. Cited in Rose (2001, p380) Farnham statesan employee has the responsibility to question and influence organization decision making and . this may involve representative workplace democracy.The special K dictionary definition of empowerment, to give official authority to delegate legal power to commission, authorize (Grove, 1971, p. 744) is the one more(prenominal) or less understood by most people. As an example, Gandz (1990) writes, Empowerment means that management vests decision-making or adulation authority in employees where, traditionally, such authority was a managerial prerogative. (p. 75) However, this is not the definition of what is usually called employee empowerment. one and just(a) author notes empowerment is, easy to define in its absencealienation, powerless, helplessnessbut difficult to define positiv ely because it takes on a different form in different people and contexts (Zimmerman, 1990, p.169)Employee empowerment is a process whereby a culture of empowerment is developed education in the form of a shared vision, clear terminals, boundaries for decision making, and the results of efforts and their impact on the whole is shared competency in the form of preparation and experience is developed resources, or the competency to obtain them when needed to be effective in their jobs, are provided and support in the form of mentoring, cultural support, and encouragement of risk-taking is providedCurrent query in employee empowermentThere is lot of interrogation going on empowerment with respect to different entities of business like empowerment and total quality management, empowerment and sales, empowerment and customer satisfaction in tourism industry. Most of the research is concentrated on the relation between empowerment and employee motivation. Even though there is a gran d literature review on my topic of interest .I am mentioning very few concepts here.In the most comprehensive, long-term larn of empowerment-oriented practices, (Lawler, Mohr man, Benson, 2001) has empirically demonstrated the positive growth of empowerment practices in the last 15 years. Today, more than 70 percent of organizations surveyed collapse adopted some kind of empowerment initiative for some portion of their workforce.Why the tremendous growth in employee empowerment? Faced with competitive demands for lower costs, high performance, and more flexibility, organizations have increasingly turned to employee empowerment to enhance their performance. Empowerment practices are often utilise with the hopes of overcoming worker dissatisfaction and reducing the costs of absenteeism, turnover, poor quality work, and sabotage (Klein, Ralls, Smith-Major, Douglas, 1998). Their focus is trained at overcoming the debilitating mental effects of traditional bureaucracies through t he creation of high-involvement organizations. Empowerment enables employees to participate in decision making, helping them to break out of stagnant mindsets to take a risk and try something new. Empowering practices allow employees to decide on their proclaim how they give recover from a service problem and surprise-and-delight customers by exceeding their expectations rather than waiting for praise from a supervisor (Bowen Lawler, 1995). And perhaps most importantly, empowerment is viewed as critical in the process of organisational change. Rather than forcing or pushing people to change, empowerment provides a way of attracting them to lack to change because they have ownership in the change process.Yet, in spite of this positive growth, more than 25% of the surveyed companies in Lawler et al.s (2001) study still report no significant empowerment-oriented practices anywhere in their organizations. And up to now those that do introduce empowerment practices often find it di fficult to build genuine employee empowerment (Spreitzer Quinn, 2001). Some dont have the courageIn tramp to understand the aims and implications of empowerment, it is necessary to understand the origins of the concept within the intellectual and political history of the West. bandage its modern form was derived principally from the civil and womens rights social movements of the 1960s, its philosophical lineage can be traced to the beginnings of modern political philosophy. While often regarded as a revolutionary development in thinking even in coeval times, empowerments theoretical roots point to a longer progression than is commonly assumed. In myriad ways, empowerment theory is principally concerned with elucidating and applying the answers to the timeless questions of political philosophy itself namely the character of power, the role of the citizen in the polis, and the achievement of justice in civic life. From this vantage point, empowerment is a protraction of this th eoretical search for elusive, but critical, answers to timeless human questions. Sir Francis Bacon, best known for his work new Atlantis, is as such bound to the study of empowerment due to his crucial contribution to the development of the Western democratic administration (White, 1987). According to Bacon, humanitys existence in a world of scarcity forget continually result in human deprivation and hostility without the conquest of nature. He argued that only by the release of mans estate, namely the able and scientific generation of greater goods from nature, could this cycle of constant political animosity and privation be ended. Freedom, enfranchisement, and concord among citizens cannot be achieved without overcoming the aggression that is inherent to scarcity and issues of survival. By uniting people behind the common goal of creating better lives via reason and human invention, the common good is finally able to triumph over sectary divisions. At the most fundamental le vel, liberal democracy and the concept of constant progress require the liberty of workers and their empowerment. Without empowerment, the manual labourer (or serf or slave) is utilized to provide the inputs that political life necessitates, and the stratification of power is perpetuated. Although Bacon helped to form the foundations of the modern commercial republic, he could not have foreseen many of the developments that this polity engendered. One only has to peruse the works of Dickens, Marx, or Sinclair to be made aware of some of the obstacles of this political cabaret. The sublimation of economic capability and science may liberate humankind from the bounce of scarcity, but it withal can transform man into a servant of power. Moreover, it often leads to a form of consumerism that seems ill suited for providing citizens with meaning outside the bounds of the acquisition of material possessions, as well as elevates labour itself into the focal point for personal significa nce. From this perspective, our economic and political order may be required to bear more weight and significance than it can bear. Modern empowerment literature, with its emphases on theory, results, and meaning is focused upon improving this state of affairs through a variety of different approaches and applications. As a discipline, it embraces modern systemologies in order to answer ancient and well-known(prenominal) questions with the intention of elevating both the individual and the organization (political or otherwise) simultaneously.During recent years, workplace empowerment has increasingly become part and parcel of the lexicon of organizational research and practice. The meaning of the term empowerment has evolved over the years from its more radical beginnings in the civil and womens rights movements to its current manifestations focused on organizational performance (Bartunek Spreitzer, 1999). In this dent of the chapter, we look across the most recent decades of wr iting on empowerment and set off three contemporary theoretical perspectives. look for purposeTO EVALUATE THE ROLE OF Employee Empowerment IN PROJECT SUCCESS.I want to know to what extent the empowerment is being employed in the retchs. If so, to what extent the empowerment aids in success of the work out.Research objectivesQuestion 1 .TO WHAT EXTENT Employee Empowerment ISBEING EMPLOYED IN PROJECTS AT MANGERIAL AND TEAM LEADER LEVELQuestion 2. TO WHAT EXTENT Employee Empowerment CONTRUBUTES TO PROJECT SUCCESSResearch rationaleResearch mainly has economical and social benefitsMy research give find the cause and effect of empowerment and project success at two different hierarchal levels of project , i.e. managerial and team leader. I believe that my research pull up stakes provide a new perspective of empowerment in projects.Research scopeScope of my research is restricted to a Construction Company.I am doing a nationalful study on ksheeraabd constructions private ltd (KPCL), Hyderabad, IndiaI pass on take 8 to 10 interviews and will also distribute Questionnaires among 20 people.I will consider both employee and employer perspective. In depth interviews will be taken from the project managers and lower level team leadersResearch methodologyThe analysis of the research will be largely quantitative, however qualitative analysis will be used to highlight patterns and give the analysis more robust. The findings will be compared to theory in context in order to describe the patterns which exist. An deductive approach will be used in order to judge a theory as a result of the research findings .The research strategy will be case study of a construction keep company( KCPL ,Hyderabad India) for which I have already gained glide slope . The company chosen is a construction company which is at present working on a road construction project at a place called Madurai in India. In the case study the interviews will be conducted for project manager level and qu estionnaires will be given for team leader level employees The aim is to evaluate the effects of employee empowerment in an organisation. The questionnaire will have structured questions with set responses in order to specify the empowerment employed in the organisation. There will also be open questions for participants to make comments on the various aspects empowerment in their organisation. I will do cross sectional study as I will collect all the data at like timeSampling proceduresMy research involves data collection from two different levels of organisation like project managers and from team leader level. As the project managers are very few we wanted to consider the entire sample and for the team leaders I will use simple random sampling.Data collection and analysisI will take interviews from the project managers. I will take ablest 8 to almost 10 interviews. I will distribute the questioners to the team leaders who are selected by simple random sampling. I will make sur e that at least 20 employee from team leader level will participate in this procedure. Using the deductive approach, the analysis of the interviews will be mostly quantitative I will expect questions that have rating of the responses ranging from 0 to 5. The main purpose of the interviews is to avoid any bias of information from the questionnaires. The questioners are designed in such a way that each response is quantified like the interviews. By this method I can make quantitative analysis of both types of information.Validity and reliabilityInternal hardship Increased through use of multiple sources of evidence, structured interviews and questionnaires (both closed and open questions). The design of questions and survey will be based on understanding of the theory from the literature and pilot testing of the interview and questionnaire will be used to make sure questions are understood as intended.External validity four-fold cases considered to examine whether findings can be generalised over a number of organisations. There is no necessary to make a statistical analysis of the results for generalisation here as the approach chosen examines practices and their effectiveness. The aim is to explain the findings and explore generalisability through a comparison of findings with theory.Reliability Structured interviews with questions derived from literature in order to examine cases in same way. Surveys to back up the interviews and obtain views from a wider group. Questionnaires all administered at the same time and in controlled manner, explanation to ensure participants all understand research in same way. orchestration I am planning to collect information through questionnaires in single batch . Which will not pose any validity problems with respect to instrumentation?Mortality with respect to this threat I ill make sure that there will be no dropouts of participants at the time of data collectionAccess to the company (consent)I have already spoken with the subject of interest (KCPL pvt ltd, Hyderabad) and gained entree to the company. I have explained the total procedure and outcome of the dissertation. I have promised them that the information collected will be kept confidential so finally the company has given access to obtain information from their employees. The organisation is also looking forward to help me in this research. They felt grateful to me for taking their company as a case study. For reference I am enclosing a copy of the access grant letter